In 1975 Cambridge scientists Cesar Milstein and George Kohler at the Laboratory for Molecular Biology (LMB) invented the technology to make large quantities of a monoclonal antibody of any specificity, for which they would later receive the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine. Building on this research, Herman Waldmann, Geoff Hale and Mike Clark, University of Cambridge, with Greg Winter and Lutz Riechmann, LMB, produced the first humanised monoclonal antibody for use as a medicine, Campath-1H (now known as alemtuzumab).
Campath-1H was licensed for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, but in the 1980s Cambridge clinical scientists also began to explore its use in diseases where the immune system is overactive.
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